{
  "title": "Canopy Monitor research record",
  "recordedForArticle": "2026-10-29",
  "note": "Original generated summaries and gate records, copied from the local research outputs. These records describe exploratory mapped results and recorded checks, not field validation. The scientific analyses were not rerun for this article.",
  "scope": {
    "originalExperiments": "National 2020 atlas and four fixed 20 × 20 km pilots, clipped to Romania.",
    "landscapeExplorer": "Expanded rectangular study extents around Făgăraș and Retezat; distinct from the original pilots.",
    "balanceStudy": "Published relief polygons for the whole massifs; distinct from both pilot and explorer rectangles."
  },
  "screenshot": {
    "source": "https://canopy-monitor.innolabs.ro/",
    "captured": "2026-10-29",
    "sha256": "bcd649a9c64fe2960cbc93a580d0401ed54af964037fb5b9c160998ce482b765",
    "width": 1280,
    "height": 720
  },
  "records": [
    {
      "source": "research/outputs/gates.json",
      "sha256": "aef3845b2a7688a0b9c956c78ff82cda803d6016518e5e884b5c4450c31fa861",
      "data": {
        "complete": true,
        "gates": {
          "data_verified": true,
          "correctness_tests_and_accounting": true,
          "four_independent_real_data_runs": true,
          "cached_numerical_reproducibility": true,
          "evidence_qualified_conclusions": true
        },
        "checked_source_files": 388,
        "reproducibility": {
          "atlas": {
            "completed_runs": 3,
            "latest_two_numerically_identical": true
          },
          "conservation": {
            "completed_runs": 3,
            "latest_two_numerically_identical": true
          },
          "change": {
            "completed_runs": 4,
            "latest_two_numerically_identical": true
          },
          "audit": {
            "completed_runs": 2,
            "latest_two_numerically_identical": true
          }
        },
        "artifacts": {
          "atlas": {
            "maps_and_charts": 3,
            "tables": 3,
            "geojson": 0
          },
          "conservation": {
            "maps_and_charts": 2,
            "tables": 1,
            "geojson": 4
          },
          "change": {
            "maps_and_charts": 6,
            "tables": 5,
            "geojson": 1
          },
          "audit": {
            "maps_and_charts": 3,
            "tables": 4,
            "geojson": 1
          }
        },
        "limits": [
          "No field validation was performed.",
          "Beta annual changes remain model candidates.",
          "No legal protection or EUDR compliance is inferred."
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "source": "research/outputs/report_checks.json",
      "sha256": "a68d85baeb5443e7ed2db42aa692d77fd14526da2a2b4d7f4b6339d172be3bfe",
      "data": {
        "offline_active_resources": true,
        "figures_with_captions": 14,
        "all_local_links_exist": true,
        "two_report_rebuilds_identical": true,
        "five_gate_pass_labels": true,
        "report_sha256": "60ef0c588bfe55c6bb97eff8aed21d3afe2899c5a1ace5eab526d8229f055c90"
      }
    },
    {
      "source": "research/outputs/atlas/summary.json",
      "sha256": "4103290104fd5076d6d0b3e7f10a64efc3a1767db94f8f6f3b3719cc1715fde4",
      "data": {
        "version": "ForTy 2020 v1.0",
        "resolution_m": 10,
        "county_units": 42,
        "tiles": 272,
        "country_grid_ha": 23836845.49,
        "covered_ha": 23831596.24,
        "nodata_ha": 5249.25,
        "coverage_fraction": 0.9997797841999604,
        "class_ha": {
          "Primary forest": 166383.33,
          "Naturally regenerating": 6946800.49,
          "Planted forest": 861278.87,
          "Plantation forest": 101649.99,
          "Tree crops / agroforestry": 15776.45,
          "Other land": 15739707.11
        },
        "score_ge_0_7_ha": {
          "Primary forest": 130817.2,
          "Naturally regenerating": 6751993.23,
          "Planted forest": 764662.38,
          "Plantation forest": 84562.59,
          "Tree crops / agroforestry": 11047.7,
          "Other land": 15658135.62
        },
        "county_totals_reconcile": true,
        "boundary_note": "GISCO 1:1 million generalized boundaries; mapped area is not an official forest inventory.",
        "coverage_gap_diagnosis": [
          {
            "county": "Tulcea",
            "nodata_ha": 5249.25,
            "sampled_cells": 4096,
            "reference_water_cells": 4096,
            "reference_water_fraction": 1,
            "note": "Systematic sample of nodata cells coincides with permanent water in the Hansen datamask. This is reference agreement, not proof of the cause of the ForTy omission; gaps remain nodata."
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "source": "research/outputs/conservation/summary.json",
      "sha256": "b0bfb6e09fa31211ea1339ee1134c28939e5e533021a566d66918028c4c94788",
      "data": {
        "baseline": "ForTy 2020 v1.0",
        "catalog_archive_label": "May 2023; internal layer Catalog_03_2023.shp",
        "natura_reference_year": 2024,
        "catalog_polygons": 4694,
        "natura_polygons_in_romania": 604,
        "default_threshold": 0.7,
        "minimum_outside_patch_ha": 0.5,
        "mapped_primary_ha": 10133.949999999999,
        "retained_outside_patches_ha": 0,
        "retained_outside_patch_count": 0,
        "pilot_results": [
          {
            "pilot": "viseu",
            "relative_score_threshold": 0.7,
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            "inside_natura_ha": 293.4700000000001,
            "inside_either_inventory_ha": 293.4700000000001,
            "outside_either_inventory_ha": 0,
            "retained_outside_patches_ha": 0,
            "retained_outside_patch_count": 0
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          {
            "pilot": "fagaras",
            "relative_score_threshold": 0.7,
            "mapped_primary_ha": 9840.48,
            "inside_catalog_ha": 1990.1020005867601,
            "inside_natura_ha": 9839.336761537503,
            "inside_either_inventory_ha": 9839.336761537503,
            "outside_either_inventory_ha": 1.1432384624968108,
            "retained_outside_patches_ha": 0,
            "retained_outside_patch_count": 0
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          {
            "pilot": "arges",
            "relative_score_threshold": 0.7,
            "mapped_primary_ha": 0,
            "inside_catalog_ha": 0,
            "inside_natura_ha": 0,
            "inside_either_inventory_ha": 0,
            "outside_either_inventory_ha": 0,
            "retained_outside_patches_ha": 0,
            "retained_outside_patch_count": 0
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          {
            "pilot": "calafat",
            "relative_score_threshold": 0.7,
            "mapped_primary_ha": 0,
            "inside_catalog_ha": 0,
            "inside_natura_ha": 0,
            "inside_either_inventory_ha": 0,
            "outside_either_inventory_ha": 0,
            "retained_outside_patches_ha": 0,
            "retained_outside_patch_count": 0
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        ],
        "verdict": "Useful for prioritizing inventory reconciliation and field review. An area outside these two datasets can have other legal protection and is not proven primary forest.",
        "reference_limit": "The reference editions postdate the 2020 map. The ministry's May archive contains a layer named March 2023; completeness against the tabular register is unverified. Catalog agreement is not independent validation unless training-data independence is established."
      }
    },
    {
      "source": "research/outputs/change/summary.json",
      "sha256": "ac65765e951f92388e9cb113f77816c158e1a0c8cb66d9907dfb6b0b84e163db",
      "data": {
        "version": "ForTy v2 beta only; seven native classes",
        "years": [
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          2018,
          2019,
          2020,
          2021,
          2022,
          2023,
          2024,
          2025
        ],
        "score_threshold": 0.7,
        "persistent_rule": "2020 natural forest (classes 1, 2, 7) followed by the same class 3, 4, 5, or 6 in two adjacent years during 2021–2025; baseline and post-year scores >=0.7",
        "pilot_results": [
          {
            "pilot": "viseu",
            "natural_forest_2020_ha": 23267.17,
            "persistent_departure_ha": 47.56,
            "provisional_2025_ha": 4.84,
            "persistent_overlap_hansen_2021_2025_ha": 28.460000205338,
            "overlap_fraction": 0.5984020228203953,
            "persistent_retained_patch_ha": 33.370000000000005,
            "hansen_loss_by_year_ha": {
              "2021": 27.81,
              "2022": 32.94,
              "2023": 44.37,
              "2024": 7.83,
              "2025": 11.07
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          },
          {
            "pilot": "fagaras",
            "natural_forest_2020_ha": 19981.08,
            "persistent_departure_ha": 85.46,
            "provisional_2025_ha": 31.61,
            "persistent_overlap_hansen_2021_2025_ha": 67.82000074267387,
            "overlap_fraction": 0.7935876520322241,
            "persistent_retained_patch_ha": 57.78,
            "hansen_loss_by_year_ha": {
              "2021": 61.199999999999996,
              "2022": 72.09,
              "2023": 64.53,
              "2024": 92.7,
              "2025": 133.82999999999998
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          },
          {
            "pilot": "arges",
            "natural_forest_2020_ha": 24205.1,
            "persistent_departure_ha": 73.03,
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            "persistent_overlap_hansen_2021_2025_ha": 41.73000030890107,
            "overlap_fraction": 0.5714090142256754,
            "persistent_retained_patch_ha": 54.6,
            "hansen_loss_by_year_ha": {
              "2021": 34.92,
              "2022": 33.21,
              "2023": 32.67,
              "2024": 31.049999999999997,
              "2025": 45.629999999999995
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          {
            "pilot": "calafat",
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            "overlap_fraction": 0.21348315368542511,
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            "hansen_loss_by_year_ha": {
              "2021": 4.59,
              "2022": 4.59,
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              "2025": 19.62
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        "persistent_departure_ha": 206.94,
        "provisional_2025_ha": 47.75,
        "candidate_patches": 106,
        "comparison_grid_m": 30,
        "verdict": "Useful as a research screening queue. Persistent model transitions are not established deforestation or degradation; class 6 can include temporarily unstocked forest. Hansen overlap indicates canopy disturbance, not cause or land-use conversion.",
        "temporal_limit": "The beta series is experimental. Persistence reduces isolated label flips but does not validate changes. 2025 provisional candidates can include earlier nonpersistent observations."
      }
    },
    {
      "source": "research/outputs/audit/summary.json",
      "sha256": "4d3bb21dbf3dd3d33fd37dda1d6bdd00f6f6da4c3a46e4f910985d9701c53572",
      "data": {
        "dataset": "GVFT v0.6 / ForTy v1 2020",
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        "inside_romania": 21,
        "resolved_samples": 18,
        "excluded_samples": 3,
        "class_support": {
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          "Planted forest": 2,
          "Plantation forest": 0,
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        "observed_correct": 14,
        "unrepresented_classes": [
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          "Plantation forest",
          "Tree crops / agroforestry"
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        "threshold_sensitivity": [
          {
            "threshold": 0.5,
            "included_samples": 18,
            "observed_correct": 14,
            "note": "Descriptive sample counts; not a Romanian accuracy estimate"
          },
          {
            "threshold": 0.7,
            "included_samples": 17,
            "observed_correct": 14,
            "note": "Descriptive sample counts; not a Romanian accuracy estimate"
          },
          {
            "threshold": 0.9,
            "included_samples": 17,
            "observed_correct": 14,
            "note": "Descriptive sample counts; not a Romanian accuracy estimate"
          }
        ],
        "review_candidates": 20,
        "pilots": [
          {
            "pilot": "viseu",
            "valid_ha": 40000,
            "coverage_fraction": 1,
            "score_lt_0_7_fraction": 0.02831375
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          {
            "pilot": "fagaras",
            "valid_ha": 40000,
            "coverage_fraction": 1,
            "score_lt_0_7_fraction": 0.07217475
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          {
            "pilot": "arges",
            "valid_ha": 40000,
            "coverage_fraction": 1,
            "score_lt_0_7_fraction": 0.012453
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          {
            "pilot": "calafat",
            "valid_ha": 30562.46,
            "coverage_fraction": 1,
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        ],
        "verdict": "Useful for identifying uncertain locations. Insufficient independent Romanian samples to estimate six-class accuracy, primary-forest accuracy, or calibrate thresholds.",
        "sampling_limit": "The global sample is stratified. The small Romanian subset is not a representative simple random national sample; counts are descriptive and unweighted."
      }
    },
    {
      "source": "research/outputs/balance/gates.json",
      "sha256": "1e28b17036dc5ebe79974ef952000e3bf45ad7b180e551fbc4968e6057de5be5",
      "data": {
        "common_coverage": true,
        "endpoint_accounting": true,
        "annual_accounting": true,
        "source_hashes": true,
        "canopy_complete": true
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    },
    {
      "source": "research/outputs/balance/summary.json",
      "sha256": "87540df56c302c06e653acc6ff1c7d171333574d29b3e49849cf6478155c7e99",
      "data": {
        "product": "ForTy v2 beta",
        "years": [
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          2019,
          2020,
          2021,
          2022,
          2023,
          2024,
          2025
        ],
        "boundary_source": "https://geo-spatial.org/vechi/download/harta-unitati-relief-romania",
        "forest_classes": [
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          2,
          3,
          4,
          7
        ],
        "natural_classes": [
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          7
        ],
        "regions": [
          {
            "id": "fagaras",
            "name": "Făgăraș",
            "boundary_id": 552,
            "polygon_area_ha": 155814.9788661899,
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              "loss_ha": 1310.62,
              "gain_ha": 292.18,
              "support_ha": 155814.93,
              "recovered_ever_ha": 190.09,
              "recovered_final_ha": 185.88,
              "net_ha": -1018.4399999999998,
              "loss_pct_baseline": 1.1291077927408073,
              "gain_pct_baseline": 0.2517150012078323,
              "net_pct_baseline": -0.877392791532975
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            "natural": {
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              "loss_ha": 1196.4,
              "gain_ha": 275.69,
              "support_ha": 155814.93,
              "recovered_ever_ha": 183.61,
              "recovered_final_ha": 181.14,
              "net_ha": -920.71,
              "loss_pct_baseline": 1.0900984997478396,
              "gain_pct_baseline": 0.25119463005306075,
              "net_pct_baseline": -0.8389038696947787
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            "natural_to_planted_ha": 0.01,
            "tree_crop_baseline_ha": 1.12,
            "tree_crop_final_ha": 1.11,
            "hansen_baseline_loss_2018_2025_ha": 2545.69,
            "hansen_endpoint_overlap_ha": 1102.83,
            "hansen_nodata_ha": 0,
            "endpoint_loss_without_hansen_ha": 207.78999999999996,
            "hansen_without_endpoint_loss_ha": 1442.8600000000001
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          {
            "id": "retezat",
            "name": "Retezat",
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            "polygon_area_ha": 41297.176877591955,
            "raster_area_ha": 41297.73,
            "common_area_ha": 41297.73,
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            "coverage_fraction": 1,
            "forest": {
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              "recovered_ever_ha": 12.03,
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              "loss_pct_baseline": 0.41326596953553285,
              "gain_pct_baseline": 0.1066614403817198,
              "net_pct_baseline": -0.3066045291538129
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              "gain_ha": 25.83,
              "support_ha": 41297.73,
              "recovered_ever_ha": 10.62,
              "recovered_final_ha": 10.17,
              "net_ha": -76.37,
              "loss_pct_baseline": 0.339646368974268,
              "gain_pct_baseline": 0.08584213024075676,
              "net_pct_baseline": -0.2538042387335112
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            "natural_to_planted_ha": 0,
            "tree_crop_baseline_ha": 0,
            "tree_crop_final_ha": 0,
            "hansen_baseline_loss_2018_2025_ha": 180.12,
            "hansen_endpoint_overlap_ha": 85.34,
            "hansen_nodata_ha": 0,
            "endpoint_loss_without_hansen_ha": 46.24000000000001,
            "hansen_without_endpoint_loss_ha": 94.78
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        ],
        "canopy": {
          "status": "complete",
          "periods": [
            [
              2018,
              2021
            ],
            [
              2021,
              2024
            ]
          ],
          "validation": "Presence-change product marked not validated by publisher",
          "crs_note": "Official 2018 rasters use an older ETRS89 datum serialization. Exact LAEA/GRS80 projection parameters are verified before normalizing the CRS to EPSG:3035.",
          "regions": [
            {
              "region": "fagaras",
              "density": {
                "before_crown_ha": 92121.6311,
                "after_crown_ha": 92046.5315,
                "decrease_crown_ha": 2974.2893,
                "increase_crown_ha": 2899.1897,
                "common_area_ha": 155814.93,
                "coverage_fraction": 1,
                "net_crown_ha": -75.09960000000001
              },
              "presence": [
                {
                  "region": "fagaras",
                  "start_year": 2018,
                  "end_year": 2021,
                  "gain_ha": 39.88,
                  "loss_ha": 501.6,
                  "net_ha": -461.72,
                  "valid_area_ha": 155816.76,
                  "excluded_ha": 0,
                  "forty_net_ha_same_period": -452.4499999999971
                },
                {
                  "region": "fagaras",
                  "start_year": 2021,
                  "end_year": 2024,
                  "gain_ha": 77.12,
                  "loss_ha": 239.44,
                  "net_ha": -162.32,
                  "valid_area_ha": 155816.76,
                  "excluded_ha": 0,
                  "forty_net_ha_same_period": -259.40999999998894
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              ]
            },
            {
              "region": "retezat",
              "density": {
                "before_crown_ha": 23984.7849,
                "after_crown_ha": 24279.7569,
                "decrease_crown_ha": 483.4883,
                "increase_crown_ha": 778.4603,
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                "coverage_fraction": 1,
                "net_crown_ha": 294.972
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              "presence": [
                {
                  "region": "retezat",
                  "start_year": 2018,
                  "end_year": 2021,
                  "gain_ha": 2.52,
                  "loss_ha": 23.52,
                  "net_ha": -21,
                  "valid_area_ha": 41296.68,
                  "excluded_ha": 0,
                  "forty_net_ha_same_period": -28.720000000001164
                },
                {
                  "region": "retezat",
                  "start_year": 2021,
                  "end_year": 2024,
                  "gain_ha": 181.84,
                  "loss_ha": 9,
                  "net_ha": 172.84,
                  "valid_area_ha": 41296.68,
                  "excluded_ha": 0,
                  "forty_net_ha_same_period": -33.51000000000204
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              ]
            }
          ]
        },
        "interpretation": "Mapped exploratory estimates, not validated forest inventory or proof of deforestation. Sensitivity ranges are not confidence intervals."
      }
    }
  ]
}